From time immemorial, the city has attracted travellers with its prosperity. Kozhikode is a town with a long recorded history. The word calico, a fine variety of hand-woven cotton cloth that was exported from the port of Kozhikode, is thought to have been derived from Calicut.
Although the city’s official name is Kozhikode, in English it is sometimes known by its anglicised version, Calicut. Tamils called it Kallikkottai while for the Chinese it was Kalifo. While the city has been known in history under different names, Malayalam speaking communities have traditionally called it Kozhikode. In 1765, Mysore captured Kozhikode as part of its occupation of the Malabar Coast. The English landed in 1615 (constructing a trading post in 1665), followed by the French (1698) and the Dutch (1752). A Portuguese factory and fort functioned in Kozhikode for a short period (1511–1525, until the Fall of Calicut). Arab merchants traded with the region as early as 7th century, and Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama dropped anchor at Kozhikode on, thus opening a trade route between Europe and Malabar. It was the capital of an independent kingdom ruled by the Samoothiris(Zamorins) in the Middle Ages and later the capital of the erstwhile Malabar district under British rule. During classical antiquity and the Middle Ages, Kozhikode was dubbed the “City of Spices” for its role as the major trading point of Eastern spices. Kozhikode is the largest urban area in the state and 195th largest urban area in the world. Kozhikode also known as Calicut, is a city in the state of Kerala in southern India on the Malabar coast.
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